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LEONARDO

LEONARDO (LEgs ONboARD drOne) is a 75 cm, 2.6 kg bipedal robot from Caltech that combines walking legs with four thrusters so it can walk, fly and do hybrid manoeuvres. It was presented in Science Robotics in October 2021 walking a slackline and riding a skateboard. It is a research platform, not a general purpose humanoid.

Research not for sale Score 16/100, niche Generation 1 Checked 2026-09-04
No written verdict yet

We have not sat down with this one. The score below is computed from the data we hold, and the facts on this page are sourced. It is not on sale, so there is nothing to recommend.


16/100
Niche
Capability 11/30
Value 0/25
Buyability 2/20
Ecosystem 3/15
Proof 0/10
Computed from the data · how the score works

How the score is built

Capability is what the machine physically does. Value compares it with others at a similar price, not with the whole market. Buyability asks whether you can really order one. Ecosystem is the software and community around it. Proof is what it has done in the field, which is where most humanoids score badly and should.

Read the full method

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Status
Research
Category
research
First revealed
October 2021
Form
bipedal
Height
75 cm
Weight
2.6 kg
Payload
n/a
Degrees of freedom
n/a
Battery
n/a
Runtime
n/a
Walking speed
n/a
Actuation
electric leg servos plus four electric ducted fan thrusters
Units deployed (est.)
not disclosed
Teleoperation
partial

Where it stands

Research prototype at Caltech's Center for Autonomous Systems and Technologies.

What stands out

  • Walks and flies with ducted fan thrusters
  • Slackline and skateboard demonstrations
  • Published in Science Robotics 2021

Autonomy, observed

Science Robotics paper shows walking a slackline, riding a skateboard and flying between walking segments

Hands, sensors, brain

  • Hands: none
  • Sensors: IMU, joint encoders
  • Compute: onboard flight controller
  • AI stack: hybrid walking and flying controller

Price and volume

research prototype

Sources

  1. 01

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